Smart farming is a research field and methodological approach focused on the integration of advanced information and communication technologies (ICT), Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and data analytics into agricultural production systems. It investigates the application of these technologies for real-time monitoring, data collection, analysis, and precise management of agricultural inputs, processes, and environmental conditions. Its key characteristics include data-driven decision-making, automation, and precision management, with the significance lying in optimizing resource efficiency, enhancing productivity, improving environmental sustainability, and increasing the resilience of agricultural operations.